The main occupation of the people is agriculture. They are involved in the cultivation of pulses, oil seeds, sugar cane, and potato. They also grow fruits like mango and guava. The major industries of the district are Kisan Sahkari Chini Mills Ltd., Benarasi Sari Udyog, in Mubarakpur, Black Pottery, in Nizamabad, Foods And Allied Products, and Chemicals And Allied Products. Though the industrial base of Azamgarh is not strong, the district has good agricultural base. The dominating agricultural base and weak industrial base together appear to leave a slit, which can be effectively bridged by a co-coordinated approach to enrich the economy of the district.
Pottery making, which was one of the oldest industries of the district, still contributes substantially to the economic life of the people. The fancy pottery made in Nizamabad is famous in the world. The potters make teapots, sugar-bowls and other decorative articles. The earthenwares and statues of Gods and Goddesses particularly of Ganesh, Laxmi, Shiva, Durga and Saraswati are also made. These products fetch rich market during fairs and festivals. Food products like biscuits, toffee and other confectionery articles are produced at Azamgarh. The raw materials used in this industry are sugar, maida, suji and ghee.
Candles, Ayurvedic medicines, soap, perfumed oil and paints are also manufactured in Azamgarh. These units use wax, colour, castic soda etc. as raw material.
The major crops cultivated here are pulses, oil seeds, sugar cane, and potato. The total areas under agriculture are 308256 hectare.
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