Calangute Beach

Calangute Beach, Mapusa - Goa

About the beach

In a semicircle, under the shade of palm trees basking golden in the glory of sand is the 'queen of beaches', Calangute. Nine miles from the Goan Capital Panaji, the beach is spread four miles along the Arabian sea. On the north is hamlet of Baga and to the south is Candolim village. Take a break from the parties of Anjuna in the calm solitude here and you will be mesmerized forever.

It was hippies who first discovered Calangute in late 1960's and there on spread word about the beach. 1970's saw tourists from Europe coming in large numbers. The beach was even quite popular among the movie stars back then. Shashi Kapoor rented a house here and Raj Kapoor got inspiration for his blockbuster film 'Bobby' here. Over the decades the hippie culture has vanished but not the popularity of the beach. Round the year there are hoards of tourists coming to Calangute for that perfect escape from their hectic schedule.

The name Calangute according to locals is a distortion of the local vernacular word 'Koli-gutti', which means land of fishermen. Others say it has derived from Kalyangutti meaning the village of art, and still others say it came from the earlier name Konvallo -ghott because the village is full of coconut trees.

Microlite Flying

A recent addition to the water sports is microlite flying. Its a motorised machine with a forty feet wing span. Two to three people can sit in it at once including the operator. You don't need to learn gliding for this activity as it's the operators job, you just have to sit and enjoy Goa unfold beneath you. As its a recent activity, its only available at Calangute.

Go-Karting

Goa has one of the best karting tracks in the country so don't miss this opportunity of go karting in Goa. The 500m long tracks are located near Arpora in Nuvem. Reasonably priced, go karting is an activity which the entire family can enjoy.

Hiking and Trekking

Hiking and Trekking

A tough and physically demanding activity, nonetheless good fun. Trekking and hiking are not just these two activities but include a range of activities such as rock climbing, rappelling, jummaring and river crossing. Rock climbing is though difficult but with better equipments, safety levels have increased. Rappelling is descending a rock with the rope and harness and jummaring is ascending a rock using the toothed metal clamp. Another exhilarating activity is the Tyrolean traverse. You are suspended over a river, valley or a ravine with a rope and you back crawl on the rope but of course there are safety equipments also.

With the lush green Sahyadris in Goa, trekking is a delight. As you ascend on your journey, every sight is captivating to behold you. Places such as Valpoi, Mollem and Sanguem bring you closer to the nature with every step.

One can go for trekking and hiking anytime round the year but October to December is the best time. The usual trips are trekking to the Dudhsagar waterfalls, rock-climbing and rapelling at Kalen Rock in Sanguem. There could be tailor cut trekking expeditions according to your requirements also.

Scuba-diving and Snorkelling

Scuba-diving and Snorkelling

Perfect for those with an explorer's eye, scuba diving and snorkelling are not thrilling but exciting activities. Though Goa does not boast of a great coral reef but it has enough to keep you hooked while you are there under the water. While snorkelling is for kids and families, scuba -diving requires great deal of practice and comfort level with the equipment and then also you are accompanied by two trained scuba divers.

Look out for the abundant marine life. You will spot groupers, damsels, tuna eels, goat fish, lion fish, snapper jacks to name a few, there is lot more to look out for. Visibility varies from 2-50 meters depending on the sea and weather conditions. A word of caution before you scuba dive, thorough check your equipment and learn its operation.

Land Sports

A versatile tourist destination, adventure sports in Goa is not just about water sports. If you are doing just that then you are missing half the fun which lies deep inside Goa away from the happening beaches. Move over to the land and a whole range of land adventure activity welcomes. Trekking, hiking, rock climbing and many more, this is just the beginning of the fun. Move on to explore the land of surprises, packed with adventure and thrill.

Catamaran Sailing

Catamaran Sailing

Also called Hobie cats, catamaran sailing is a pretty relaxed activity but also a fun activity. Four people can sail at a time in catamaran sailing. A well trained and professional sailor has to be there to sail the catamaran. Catamaran sailing is available on Candolim, Calangute, Dona Paula, Arossim, Utorda, Colva, Benaulim and Mobor.

Its important that you understand the emergency signals and procedures of catamaran sailing before you hit the waters.

Speedboat Rides

Speedboat रिदेस

If jet skiing is not enough for your speed thirst then move over to speed boat. More powerful, more faster, its a great group activity. There are three to six people in the boat and you get this golden opportunity to not just thrill with the speed but also explore the Goan coastline. If you have deep pockets than you can also include some leisure activity in your trip such as fishing, dolphin spotting and visits to cliffs.

All major beaches like Calangute, Candolim, Arrossim, Utorda, Colva or Mobor have speed boat operators. So if you are comfortable with water than don't give second thoughts, just go for this water sport.

Windsurfing

विन्द्सुर्फिंग

A rather inexpensive water sport but tough to learn, that's windsurfing. Though it's non-mechanised but it requires quite a lot of patience, good guidance and good health on the part of learner. Bogmalo, Miramar, Calangute, Arossim, Utorda, Benaulim, Vagator, and Baga are the beaches where you can windsurf but if you are learning then head for Dauna Paula bay.

Three to five day windsurfing courses are also there if you wish to learn this sport. Before you start with the solo run be sure that you have the high degree of skill and training.

Knee and Wake-Boarding

Knee and Wake-बोअर्डिंग

This sport is much similar to water skiing except for that it is somewhat easier since it requires less focus on the balance. The board has a slot for knees in knee boarding while in wake boarding there is a single board instead of two narrow boards.

One must be well versed in water skiing to pursue this activity which is available at few beaches namely Candolim, Mobor and Rajbaga.

Jet-skiing

Jet-स्कींग

Jet skiing is one of the most thrilling water activity for speed lovers. 100-135hp powered jet skis in Goa are sure to set you pulsating. The machine is also very simple to use but still the operators usually send instructor along lest you should get carried away with the fun. Usually the pre-defined area for jet-skiing is within operator's sight. Beaches where you can pursue this pulsating water sports are Colva, Candolim, Calangute, Miramar, Arossim, Utorda, Benaulim, Mobor and Rajbaga

Parasailing

Parasailing

With one end of the rope tied to the speed boat and the other to the para sail, you are up there, left suspended to feel the air on your face. There is either option of beach parasailing and winch parasailing, the beach parasailing requires more expertise on the part of the operator. On the other hand winch boat parasailing takes you higher. Though this water sports is available at many beaches but parasailing on Sinquerim-Candolim-Calangute is special since you get the views of Fort Aguada and River Princess (grounded tanker). Otherwise you can also para sail at Arrossim-Cansaulim and Utorda stretch, Mobor beach and Miramar. A word of caution before you para sail: do not forget to double check your harness, and see that there is another person apart from the boat operator to keep an eye on you.

Goa Adventure

Water Sports in Goa

Adventure in Goa

If adventure is what you seek in your holiday, then Goa will offer you that and much more. The 'sun, sand and and sea' title of Goa does injustice to this holiday destination as you get the feel of Goa as a laid back place. However, the truth is different. There is so much adventure at sight and hidden that you can explore and have a different experience on each day of your vacation, that too full of adventure. With a long coastline dotted with beaches, water sports is an obvious activity in Goa. And not just the sea but the rivers and lakes also make it a perfect place for aquatic fun. Para sailing, scuba diving, snorkeling, you name it and Goa has it. And this is just the tip of the iceberg, wait till you come to explore the adventure yourself. Its not just the water but the land of Goa is also for you to explore, go trekking, hiking or river crossing in the air and explore the untouched terrains of Goa. Apart from the water and land activities there are other options like dolphin and crocodile spotting, island trips etc.

Water Sports

Water sports is a sprawling activity in Goa. From exclusive domain of five star hotels to private operators, water sports in Goa has come a long way. Move on, river Mandovi and lakes also give you choice of water sports.

Basilica of Bom Jesus

Basilica of Bom Jesus Old Goa- Goa

About Basilica of Bom Jesus

Nine kilometers from Panaji, standing witness to a milestone event in the history of Christianity, is the world famous church of Goa, Basilica of Bom Jesus.

It was the first church in India to be raised to the status of a minor Basilica in 1946. Construction work began in 1594 and the church was consecratedon 15th of May,1605 by the Archbishop, Dom Fr. Aleixo de Menezes. Dedicated to infant Jesus, this church is most revered among the Goans. The mortal remains of Goa's patron St. Francis Xavier are kept here. Referred fondly as 'Goencho Saib' (Lord of Goa) by Goans, emotions of Goans run high when it comes to St. Francis Xavier. St. Francis was a member of society of Jesus who came to Goa in a 1542. Although his stay in Goa was short, just four months, but he kept coming back time and again since Goa housed the headquarters of Society of Jesuits in the East. He died enroute to China on December 3,1552. Though he was buried there, his body was brought back to Goa after two years in accordance with his wish. It was then discovered that the body was still intact. The body at that time was laid in St. Paul's church but after St. Francis Xavier was Canonized in 1662, it was shifted to Basilica of Bom Jesus where it remains till date. Public viewing is held every ten years. This event attracts lakhs of pilgrims from round the globe.

Declared a world heritage site, Basilica of Bom Jesus stands as a fine example of Jesuit architecture. The design was inspired from St. Paul church but that church stands in ruins now. In the same compound built by Jesuits, was their Professed house. The Professed house, a double storeyed structure is made of laterite and lime plastered. Facing west, this triple storeyed structure stands 75 3/5 feet wide and 78 ½ feet tall. The facade of Basilica of Bom Jesus is a visual delight flaunting a combination of Ionic, Doric and Corinthian styles in the columns. The ground floor has three portals, above them are three corresponding long windows and on the second floor are three circular windows. While the beautification is true Baroque style complete with curves and embellishments, the facade is adorned by pillars and carvings. But the layout is simplistic with a single nave inspired by Renaissance style. The top most part of the facade forming a quadrangle is carved in basalt to form a medallion illustrating the emblem of Society of Jesus.

Attached to the church is a modern art gallery, the Bom Jesus Church art gallery. It's the first and largest art gallery in Asia. A buttress wall on the northern side is a recent addition to the structure. Basilica also organizes a sound and light show based on the life of Christ, St. Francis Xavier and Blessed Joseph Vaz and the feast is held every year on December 3. The basilica is open from 6 am to 6:30 pm. everyday

Inside Basilica of Bom Jesus

Crucified in form, interiors of the Basilica are Mosaic Corinthian style, but the Renaissance inspired simplicity is remarkable. One of the richest churches in Goa, the floor of the church is made of grand marble and inlaid with precious stones. The roof of the church was originally tiled. There is a choir above the entrance supported by columns. These columns hold slabs which inform in Portuguese and Latin that 'the construction of this church of Jesus began on November 24, 1594 and Fr. Alexia de Menezes, the Archbishop of Goa and Primate of India consecrated it on 15 May 1605, when it was completed.' Also within the domicile are a main altar, a sacristy, a belfry at the back and two chapels, at the either ends of the transept. Running 182 4\5 feet long and 55 ½ feet broad, on each side are three rows of windows, one above the other. A projecting gallery in the second row supported by columns meant for dignitaries runs on the sides. At the end of the nave is main altar rich with gilded work in gold dedicated to infant Jesus. It has a statue of infant Jesus under the protection of St. Ignatius of Loyola, founder of the society of Jesus, his eyes on the medallion of Jesuits. Above the medallion are depicted the holy trinity- the Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost.

On the either side of the main altar in the transept are the other two altars dedicated to Our Lady of Hope and St. Michael. All the altars are rich with guild work and Baroque in style. In the north of the transept is the chapel of the blessed sacrament or the Mausoleum of St. Francis Xavier. This chapel where St. Francis Xavier lies in a silver casket is lavishly decorated with wooden carvings and paintings depicting scenes from the life of the saint. The tomb of St. Francis made of rich marble of different colours took ten years to complete. A present to the church from the last Medici, the duke of Tuscany, Cosimi III, this tomb was designed by famous Florentine sculptor Giovanni Batista Foggini. In the centre of the nave of the church is the cenotaph, embellished with bronze guild, of the benefactor of the church Dom Jeronimus Mascarenhas, Captain of Cochin and Ormuz. An extensively carved wooden pulpit with a canopy is projecting from the southern wall. The pulpit is carved on its three sides with images of Jesus, four evangelists and four doctors of the church.

The church also has a rich collection of paintings relating to the life of St. Francis Xavier. On the Southern wall of the church are displayed paintings (Italian school) depicting various instances from the life of St. Francis Xavier.

Inside the Basilica of Bom Jesus Art Gallery

This modern art gallery is one of the largest and one of its kind in Asia. The gallery houses paintings of Italian art. The gallery has 36 oil paintings made between 1973 and 1976. The artist was paid only for the material used, his creativity being a gratis for the church, thus was commissioned by Fr. George D'Sa. The largest two are 'The Last Judgement' (6ft x 9ft) and 'Genesis' (4ft x 28ft).

Goa Temples

Shanta Durga Temple, Goa

Its venerable shrines, heroically preserved, have made Goa a pilgrim centre for many. Within the old acquisitions, few relics of antiquity escaped the wrath of the destroyer. One such is an exquisitely carved section of the ancient temple of Saptokoteshvar - family deity of the Kadamba rulers - at its original site on the island of Divar.

In bordering principalities that only later came under the Portuguese, some hoary places of worship remained undisturbed. At Aravalem in Bicholim are laterite rock cut caves dating back to the 5th-6th century AD. On the hilltop at Quepem stands a shrine dedicated by the early Bhoja kings to Chandranath. Very curiously each month the rays of the full moon shine directly on its sacred Shivalinga. Renowned for the beauty of its carvings in wood and silver and reputed to have been erected by Habu Brahmins of a Dravidian dynasty in the distant past is the Mallikarjuna temple at Canacona. But the most prized piece of all is the Mahadeva temple at Tambdi Surla in Sanguem. Entirely wrought of black basalt stone with monolithic pillars and niches sporting bas reliefs of delicate carvings, this completely intact sole specimen of Kadamba temple architecture has been declared a national monument.

In the middle of the 16th century when Portuguese persecution was at its peak. Many times honoured deities were stealthily smuggled across the border into Antruz, today's taluka of Ponda, which abounds in the fabulous temple complexes of Goa! Under the more liberal policy of the 18th century, the cluster of hurried makeshift shrines were properly adorned. Renovation incorporated prevailing trends, thus blending Hindu, Islamic and Christian elements and bequeathing to Goa a distinctively unique local idiom. Symbolic of this amalgam is the deepstambha or lamp tower illuminating each Goan temple - a baroque style column holding niches of graceful proportion framed with pilasters gently tapering into a domed roof crowned by a kalasha or ceremonial pot. The inclusion of a churchlike facade, traditional mandapa or canopy, and Saracenic arches further accentuates.

Most celebrated is the 400 year old temple of Manguesh in Priol which draws devotees from all corners of the globe. In its vicinity are other temples; of Mahalasa Narayani -folk deity of Goa equally venerated by all castes; of Ramnath with an amphitheatre resembling the Golden Temple at Amritsar and at Kavalem of Shanta Durga, singularly revered in Goa as the goddess of peace.

The Art chamber

The Art चम्बर

Owned by Rudolph and Yolanda Kammermeier, this art gallery is within 800 metres of Calangute beach. A new exhibition of Goan, Indian or international artists is displayed here every month during its season of October till April end. This gallery was set up in 1997 and inaugurated by then Chief Minister of Goa, Mr. P.R Rane. Within few years of its set up the gallery has made a name for itself amongst the art connoisseurs. Works of notable artists like Parech Hazra and Victor Lukin (international) have been displayed here. Art, craft and painting classes are also organised here.

Kerkar art Complex

Kerkar art काम्प्लेक्स

This gallery is a one man show and the man is Dr. Subodh Kerkar, a doctor by education and a painter by choice. A renowned artist, his work has travelled to all over the country as well as Europe and recognised by Ministry of HRD and Lalit Kala Academy.

Devoted to art, Mr. Subodh had set up Kerkar art complex to preserve the uniqueness of Indo-Portuguese art and craft along with Indian Classical music and dance all under one roof. The gallery organises workshops for painters and sculptors, displays works of contemporary artists and organises music and dance concerts. Close to Calangute beach, this gallery cum retreat house is an ideal escape in the abode of art.

Museum of Christian Art

Museum of Christian आर्ट

The Museum of Christian Art, set up in 1994, is one of its kind in Asia, and a must see for art lovers. The museum was earlier located in Margao at Rachol but its remoteness hampered its popularity. The museum was then relocated to a more convenient location. It now stands within the convent of Santa Monica in old Goa in the company of world heritage monuments.

The museum was set up by the combined efforts of Calouste Gulbentian foundation of Portugal and the Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) New Delhi. Today, the museum, in terms of its collection is unparalleled. It boasts of some of the finest archetypes of the craft adorning the churches of Goa.

Among its exclusive collection is an artifact, a Pelican monstrance based on the legend that in times of famine, the mother Pelican plucks open her breast and feeds her young on her own blood. The artistic iconography explicitly suggests that the holy sacrament is the food for man's salvation. St. Francis Xavier, close to the hearts of Goans is a special theme here also on silver plaques and panels of silver casket.

The museum has a spectacular collection of gold items, precious stones and rosaries and ivory images. Jesus as shepherd with his flock of lambs in a pensive mood sitting on a caved hilltop, St. Mary Magdalene stands in the front grotto.

With all its collection and beauty, one can't surely afford to miss this museum. The museum is open seven days a week from 9:30 am to 5:00pm.

Naval Aviation Museum

Six kilometres from the port of Vasco-da-Gama is the Naval Aviation Museum. A museum that is a source of knowledge and generates a sense of respect and inspiration towards the defense forces of the country. However, probably hasn't received the kind of publicity it deserves.

The museum, set up in October 1998, stands over a plateau overlooking the vast expanses of Arabian sea and Bogmalo beach beneath.

The museum has an open air section and an in house section. The open air section displays aircrafts, twelve of them. They are the show stealers and pride of the museum. From Short Sealand to one of the longest one, the Lockhead Super Constellation are here for you to adore. There are also engines of several aircrafts used in 1960's.

Inside of the museum is painted to give you a feel as if you are entering the aircraft carrier Virat. The collection of the museum is so extensive and detailed that it ranks second in the country, just next to the naval museum in Delhi. You will see here weapons, sensors, rare photographs from the liberation movement of Goa, history of Indian Naval aviation and other naval equipments etc.

The museum has also a section called Shradhanjali (a granite slab on the wall) paying tribute to the martyrs of the motherland and adjacent to this is the heart of the museum, called the meditation hall. A serene, calm and cool place with a wall lit up by a blue painting, its called the hall of silence.

A visit to the museum can be rounded by a picnic on the near by Hollant beach two kilometers from here.

The museum is open all days except on Mondays from 10:00 am to 5:00 pm.

Museum of Goa Daman and Diu

Museum of Goa Daman and Diu

Situated in Panaji, Museum of Goa focuses on archeology and archives. There are several manuscripts, inscriptions, coins and textiles that were once a part of the Goan history. There is a collection of sculptors which dates back to the pre-Portuguese era when Hindu dynasties ruled Goa. From the Portuguese era there is a collection of furniture, art objects and ivory statues in particular.

The museum is open Monday to Saturday from 10:00 am to 1:00 pm and 2:00 pm to 5:30 pm.

Museums & Art galleries

Archeological Museum, Velha Goa

Archaeological Museum and Portrait Gallery

The museum was set up by Archaeological Survey of India in 1964 in the convent of St. Francis of Assisi church. The convent had been closed since 1864 by the Portuguese government. Nine kilometres from Panaji, within the compound of St Francis of Assisi church, this museum will transport you to the Golden age of Goa when it was still under Portuguese domination.

The museum has a rich and rare collection of artifacts, maps and portraits etc. Some prominent displays of the museum are middle and upper Paleolithic stone tools, Microliths and a few Neolithic Celts, a six meter high statue of Alfonso de Albuquerque, excavated materials from Chandnor, copper coins and copper nails, rings from third century B.C etc.

There are eight galleries in the museum which can be described as eight different sections of the museum. Among the numerous displays of galleries are sixty portraits of viceroys and governors of Goa, a wooden statue of St. Peter and a unique collection of Hindu deities. There is a standing statue of Lord Vishnu accompanied by Goddess Laxmi and Garuda on either side.

The museum is open from 10:00 am to 5:00 pm and is closed on Mondays and government holidays.

Goa Mosques

Safa Shahouri Masjid, Goa

Long before Portuguese came to Goa, it had become ground of tussle between Hindus and Muslims. Sultan of Bijapur Adil Shah was one of the more prominent Muslims present here.

Little traces of Muslim presence are here today. There are few mosques and some tombs which lie in the outskirts of Goa.

Jama Masjid

This mosque is relatively young, it underwent a complete renovation in 1959. The facade is marked by two elegant turrets surmounted by pillar kiosks. What adds to the real beauty of the structure is the dome shaped kiosk which is at the centre of four minarets. The structure on the whole is remarkable for its harmonious proportions and elegance marked by simplicity.

Safa Masjid

This mosque was built by Ibrahim Adil Shah of Bijapur. Next to the Mosque is a a masonry tank which has small chambers with 'mehrab' designs. The prayer hall of the mosque is above a high base and the the roof is pointed, made out of terracotta tile roof. The walls are decorated by Islamic arches. When the mosque was built it was very magnificent in its beauty, gardens and fountains surrounded it. They were subsequently destroyed during Portuguese invasion. The major festivals Id-Ul-Fitr and Id-Ul-Zuha are celebrated here with great pomp.

Namajgah

This Namazgah was built by Mughal ruler Akbar and is situated on the picturesque hill of Bicholim. Here was the tomb of Hazrat Abdullah Khan Shahid where Maratha king, Sambhaji had prayed for victory over Portuguese and had declared a grant for its upkeep which later Akbar had fulfilled.

Cabo Raj Bhavan

Cabo Raj Bhavan

An imposing structure, the Cabo Raj bhavan stands on the mouths of river Mandovi and Zuari atop a cliff in Tiswadi taluka. Nine lilometres form Panajim, it lies on the peninsular tip of land near Dona Paula. Built in 1540, it was initially used to guard the Goa harbour. It took a long time to complete and was huge enough to house entire citadel in it but what remains today of it are just three large cisterns. Before the fort was erected a chapel of Blessed Virgin Mary was build along with a convent for Franciscans. This later housed Governors of Goa and today also its the official residence of the Governor of Goa. One of the most elegant Raj Bhavan's in India, special appointment is required to visit it.

There are many other forts in Goa like the Mormugao fort which guarded the Mormugao port, Corjuem Fort alongside Mapusa river, the fortress of Colvale in Bardej which were once crucial in protecting Goa. However, little remains of these today. Still, if you have a knack for historical sites, then go ahead and explore these.

Rachol Fort

Rachol Fort

Seven kilometres north east of Margao is Rachol fort, surrounded by the moat of an old Muslim fort. The fort situated on the crest of laterite hillock was crucial for Hindus, Muslims and Portuguese. While the Muslims were the oldest tenants of Rachol hill, Portuguese considered it as their stronghold on the Christian faith. Hindus taking it over from the Sultan of Bijapur ceded it with Portuguese in exchange of military help against Muslims. Though the fort is not in a very commendable state but the church inside the fort has been restored with great efforts. Little is visible of its original structure like the archways on the road to the famous Rachol Seminary.

Terekhol Fort

Terekhol फोर्ट

On the Northern most tip of Goa's shoreline, on the mouth of river Terekhol is Terekhol fort. It was built by Hindu rulers and later taken over by Portuguese. The fort also has a church inside it which has a beautiful facade, but that is generally closed, opening for occasions like feast. The real magic of the fort is its imposing height, once you climb the fort, the distant view it offers will take your breadth away. The rooms of the fort have been converted into a heritage hotel.

Cabo de Rama Fort

Cabo de Rama फोर्ट

Located in Goa's southern most Taluka Canacona, the fort takes its name from the name of Lord Rama of Ramayana, who had stayed in this place with his wife Sita during his period of exile. The fort has been a witness to history since long. It exchanged hands between Hindus and Portuguese and also housed British for a brief period. The fort has little to offer to its tourists except for the view from here to the north and south. You could gather some idea about its size from the ruins but little else. There is a dry moat, the front gate and a church inside. The whitewashed church looks contrasting with the black laterite walls of the ruins of the fort. A visit here will feel like an archeological expedition, there is hardly any sign of life here except for the birds and some monkeys.

Reis Magos Fort

Reis Magos Fort

Originally built in 1490 by Adil Shah and later taken over by the Portuguese in 1760, Reis Magos fort was build to protect the narrowest point on the mouth of an estuary of River Mandovi. Approximately two miles on north east of Fort Aguada, Reis Magos fort lies in the district of Bardez. After Portuguese left Goa, the fort was being used as prison. Of late, it has been proposed for a hotel.

Though the fort is way behind other forts in Goa in respect of its size but because of its eminent positioning, it offers a wide angle view. The fort is in a fairly good state of preservation, Towards its base is the Reis Magos church. For the best views, take a look from the rooms.

Chapora Fort

Chapora फोर्ट

Built by Adil Shah of Bijapur and reconstructed by the Portuguese, very little remains of what the original structure was. Located on the southern cape of Chapora river, the fort is built of red laterite. It was finally deserted by Portuguese in 1892 and it lies in ruins today. Apart from some ruins you can spot the heads of two tunnels which were used as supply routes in the forts. There are also some Muslim tombstones on the southern slope. However, the reason why it's popular with tourists is different. The real pleasure of climbing up here is the view which offers panoramic views of Vagator.

Fort Aguada

Fort अगुअदा

Fort Aguada, the largest and most well preserved fort in Goa today is the most prized and crucial fort of Portuguese. The fort is so large that it envelops the entire peninsula at the south western tip of Bardez. Situated atop the Sinquerim plateau in Bardez Taluka, overlooking the vast expanses of Arabian Sea, the fort marked a reference point of ships. Built on the mouth of river Mandovi, it was strategically located and was the chief defence of Portuguese against the Dutch and Marathas.

The fort got its name 'Aguada' from the word Aguada (Portuguese for water), because of the three fresh water springs inside it. Built in 1612, it was once the grandstand of 79 cannons, a moat around the fort also protected it.

As you move around and inside this fort, it opens itself to you layer by layer and you can't help getting fascinated about the poweress it had once exulted. Some of the interesting features you will come across in the fort are a lighthouse which once housed a gigantic bell, an enormous vaulted cistern that could store ten million litre fresh water, and a prison in the basement interestingly the largest in Goa.

Goa Forts

Fort Aguada, Goa

While in Goa your eyes can not escape the Portuguese connection the state holds close to its heart. When you have had enough of trance music and feni and you wish for some taste of history or if you are one of those genuine history seekers then Goa has much to offer. While in Goa you cannot miss out the forts that stand mute testimony to the state's golden past.

And it's not just history which makes Goan forts a delight. Rather it is also the sheer pleasure of trekking your way up to the fort and catch a golden sunset just in time, and also the vast expanse of Arabian sea, that's the beauty of Goan Forts. Remember the scene of 'Dil Chahta Hai' where the three actors sit on the fort overlooking the sea? Well, that was 'Chapora Fort'. The experience is even more magical then you realize.

The landscape of Goa especially the beachfronts are dotted with such architectures which narrate the strong engineering skills of thePortuguese. Though smaller than typical Indain forts, these were strongly built at strategic location to protect the land, generally on the mouth of rivers.

Most of the forts are in ruins today (except for few), but they are interesting enough for a quick tour of history.

Dr Pinto De Rosario Mansion

Dr Pinto De Rosario Mansion

Dr. Pinto De Rosario Mansion lying between Panjim and Mapusa is in Porvorim. The mansion is filled with Indo-Portuguese furniture, European and Chinese wares. There are rare pieces of cut glass, blue china and ivory. All these things piled up in sideboards and cupboards are yet to be categorized and dated. However what surprises one is the quality and quantity in which these items are present. There is an exquisite Italian flooring in the parlour and the love chair in the mansion is supposed to be 200 years old. The tapestry placed above the intricately carved sofa carriers the replica of Rembrandt's Night Watch.

Menezes Braganza, Braganza Pereirera Mansion

Menezes Braganza, Braganza Pereirera मंसिओं

Situated in Chandor, this mansion is considered to be one of the grandest mansions in the state. The sheer magnificence of the mansion from outside as well as inside is beyond comprehension. Italian patterned flooring (tiles and marble mosaic), stained glass windows, china ware and vases, the mansion will itself narrate stories of its magnificent past. The windows when the house was made earlier were made out of the mother of pearl shells. Antique furniture, Italian chandelier, Goa's first private library all these and much more add to the beauty of this mansion.

Ancestral Goa, Loutolim

Ancestral Goa, Loutolim

If you wish to relax after a tiring day, a visit to a Goa village will be perfect. You can catch a close glimpse of life in rural Goa and unwind. Commercialism has hit some of the Goa villages as an increasing number of tourists visit them with each passing year.

To cater to such tourists who show interest in the history, culture and life of rural Goa, 'Ancestral Goa' in Loutolim was started in 1995. From the dream of a Goan artist to carving a niche for itself on international tourist map, Ancestral Goa has travelled a long road.

A privately owned enterprise of Maendra Jocelino Araujo Alvares, Ancestral Goa has been dubbed by the government of India as the 'most innovative and unique project in India's tourism industry'. The Education department recommends it strongly for students.

Ancestral Goa is actually a miniature village recreated which will take you hundred years back into the history. Life size structures in a mock up village recreate that ambiance of the colonial past and time seems to stand still.

Be prepared for a cultural experience when a sari clad Goan girl greets you with the 'aarti'. History unravels here when the aura of Goan Portuguese ambiance is recreated complete with a palanquin, sepia-toned photographs, domed lamps and a designed marble floor.

Move over to nine acres of a panorama of glimpses from the life of a Goan villager together with the special moments. You will come across Goan artisans at work, a fisherman's hut, marketplace mansion of 'Dona Maria'. Completing this scene is a natural spring. Once here, you can not only enjoy the Goan feni but also see how it's prepared with cashews at the 'Bhatti' (distillery).

Natural harmony and the big foot are two important highlights of the ancestral Goa. Measuring 14 metres by 5 metres, Natural harmony is a national landmark, the longest laterite sculpture in the country sculpted single handedly by Maendra Jocelino Araujo Alvares within thirty days. Big foot is a legend where a foot mark is present on a rock and whosoever stands on it with a pure heart, it brings good luck for them. There is also a dance floor in the shape of a large foot which is a multi purpose place for functions, seminars, anniversary and birthday celebrations etc.

A green pastel soothes eyes. It includes a vegetable, spice, fruit and a herb garden. Near the natural harmony, there's a hill untouched by the human beings making it a perfect natural habitat for the birds. It is.called the Rustic bird sanctuary.

Ancestral Goa also offers you unlimited souvenirs which you can carry home. There is a big foot At Gallery, an Art Cottage and Handicrafts Centre for you to shop. To soothe your taste buds traditional Goan food specialties are available here (famous Goan bread Undo and feni) in a tavern like place. Music and dance programmes in the big foot keep the atmosphere light.

And if your visit to ancestral Goa happens to coincide with a feast or festival then don't miss this golden opportunity to see the traditional style celebrations, the customs and rituals.

Goa Villages

Goa Fishing Village

Goa and villages! Don't be surprised. Goa is essentially a village state with 347 villages as compared to 44 towns. Behind all the modern beaches and trance parties is that Goa which is close by yet so rural, so untouched. At the core of this hot tourist destination and modern beaches is a rural Goa and the heart of every Goan is essentially a villager. Whichever part of the earth they might travel, their heart remains connected to the roots.

Goan villages by and far are better than other villages in India. They might not fit into that mental picture which comes to your mind with word 'village'. Goa has one of the highest literacy rates in the country and education and civic sense reflects in them. Though villages in Goa these days are having the trouble with garbage disposal.

Goan villages are generally densely packed with houses. Alleyways broad enough to pass a bullock cart separate the houses, however more than bullock carts you will spot scooters.

The houses these days built in Goa are of concrete, the second floor is kept open for grain storage. The older houses are of laterite (red stone) though now days you will see it being used to give a decorative touch to municipal buildings. These traditional old houses were protected from rains by palm frond screens but this has now been replaced by concrete and plastic roller blinds. Though piped municipal water is available in houses but they also have traditional wells in houses and some have roof tanks also.

Church & Convent of St Francis of Assisi

Church of St. Francis of Assisi Panaji- Goa

About the convent and church

Just like Se Cathedral, facing west stands Church and Convent of St. Francis of Assisi built in 1521. The church joins Se Cathedral at the convent. The church and convent were built by Franciscan friars, the first group that came to Goa in 1517. Back then it was a chapel. Later, it was modified into a church in 1521 and consecrated to the Holy Spirit on 2nd August, 1602. The church was rebuilt in 1661, but the black stone gate finely carved was retained. The convent reconstructed in 1529 was initially a group of cells built by Friars in the garden for residence purpose.

The Government of Portugal closed the convent in 1835. Later in 1964, a museum was set up in the convent and today, it houses a number of artifacts, paintings and sculptors. The double storeyed structure, 230 feet long and 108 ft wide was the residence of Archbishop till 1695, when they moved to Panelim.

The church built of laterite is lime plastered. The doorway is Manueline style and the facade is flanked by octagonal towers on either side. A recess in the wall holds the statue of Our lady of Miracles (transported from Jaffna in Sri Lanka). On the pedestal bearing the sign of Fransiscans stands a wooden statue of St. Francis. The church is open for the public from 7:30 am to 6:30 pm except on Sundays and the museum is open 9 am to 12:30 pm and 3 pm to 6:30 pm.

Inside the church

The interiors are Mosaic Corinthian in style, the arch ribbed, the walls are illustrated with scenes from Bible and vault ribbed. The church has a main altar and two other on either side in the transept, a nave with three chapels on its either side and a choir on first floor. The choir has, in between carved wooden panels, a portrait of Fransiscian hagiology (literature related to their lives). The church has a belfry and a sacristy towards the north of the main altar. A wooden pulpit exquisitely carved with floral patterns on the left welcomes sight as you enter. Buttress walls are adorned with frescoes depicting sophisticated floral designs. These walls inside the structure separate the three chapels and support a gallery above.

The main altar dedicated to St. Francis is heavily ornated, the style is Baroque with Corinthian touch. Also on the altar is an equally large statue of Christ on the cross, underneath are mentioned the three vows of the saint - poverty, humility and obedience. On both sides of the nave are beautiful paintings made on wood illustrating instances of his birth, his first anointment, taking oath and joining the Dominican and other such important instances marking the life of St. Francis. Beneath the main altar is a tabernacle supported by four evangelists. This tabernacle was earlier used for exhibiting the holy sacrament.

Inside the convent

The convent was turned into an Archaeological Museum for public in 1964. The museum has a rich collection of paintings, artefacts, statues etc. On display are eclectic collection comprising sixty portraits of Portuguese viceroys and governors of Goa. There are statues of Afonso de Albuquerque, Vasco da Gama and St.Catherine (in bronze) from the Viceroy of Arch. Some Hindu deities are also there like Lord Vishnu and a standing statue of Lord Surya (the sun god).

Solar Dos Colacos Mansion

Salvador Da Costa mansion

Situated in Loutolim, a south Goa village, this mansion was built in nineteenth century. This house is an example of how practicality and functionality took priority over grandeur. Single storeyed, this mansion built by Padre Pedrinho and Padre Laurence is inspired from so many styles that its architecture is quite difficult to define with a single term. It would be appropriate to say that the mansion carries the best of both worlds: what was and what is now. It has a low pitched tile roof and a wide veranda ( typical of Indian style) and designs include Gothic style windows, and columns clustered. This mixed architecture has come to be referred as the Goan eclectic style.

Solar Dos Colacos Mansion

Situated on the left bank of river Mandovi, this is probably the only Goan mansion facing the river. The facade of the mansion is baroque in style. The mansion offers a spectacular view of the islands of Chorao and Divar and churches of old Goa. The construction of this mansion began in 1730 by Joao Colaco. As years passed by, and the house passed from one generation to another features were added to it ambivalent to that time. Nazario Colaco, who inhabited the house after 1890 was an artist and craftsman. Evidence of his creativity are visible all around the house. For example the floor of entire ballroom being built in wood of 16 different types. The mansion has other interesting features such as the intricately carved Goan furniture, chandeliers, mirrors, the dining hall has scenes from Ramayana. On the other hand the private chapel has Roman Catholic influence with an altar being dedicated to Our Lady of Rosary. A visit to this house will liven up different prevailing trends of different times.

Goa Heritage Houses

Braganza House Chandor, Goa

For a state that was under the domain of Portuguese for 450 years, its difficult to root out the influence. Portuguese left Goa in 1961 but wherever you set your eyes here, you can see their mark on everything. From a considerable Christian population to Portuguese architecture, everywhere you see deep rooted influence. Goa has been a holiday destination for decades but it's not just the trance parties or miles of virgin beach territories that Goa offers. The landscape of Goa is dotted with heritage houses, villas, mansions that are reminiscent of the Portuguese era. There are also some unique examples of clever blend of the Indian and Portuguese styles. At places glimpses of European and Italian styles are also available. These architectural heritages also attract a number of tourists.

Basilica of Bom Jesus

Basilica of Bom Jesus Old Goa- Goa

About Basilica of Bom Jesus

Nine kilometers from Panaji, standing witness to a milestone event in the history of Christianity, is the world famous church of Goa, Basilica of Bom Jesus.

It was the first church in India to be raised to the status of a minor Basilica in 1946. Construction work began in 1594 and the church was consecratedon 15th of May,1605 by the Archbishop, Dom Fr. Aleixo de Menezes. Dedicated to infant Jesus, this church is most revered among the Goans. The mortal remains of Goa's patron St. Francis Xavier are kept here. Referred fondly as 'Goencho Saib' (Lord of Goa) by Goans, emotions of Goans run high when it comes to St. Francis Xavier. St. Francis was a member of society of Jesus who came to Goa in a 1542. Although his stay in Goa was short, just four months, but he kept coming back time and again since Goa housed the headquarters of Society of Jesuits in the East. He died enroute to China on December 3,1552. Though he was buried there, his body was brought back to Goa after two years in accordance with his wish. It was then discovered that the body was still intact. The body at that time was laid in St. Paul's church but after St. Francis Xavier was Canonized in 1662, it was shifted to Basilica of Bom Jesus where it remains till date. Public viewing is held every ten years. This event attracts lakhs of pilgrims from round the globe.

Declared a world heritage site, Basilica of Bom Jesus stands as a fine example of Jesuit architecture. The design was inspired from St. Paul church but that church stands in ruins now. In the same compound built by Jesuits, was their Professed house. The Professed house, a double storeyed structure is made of laterite and lime plastered. Facing west, this triple storeyed structure stands 75 3/5 feet wide and 78 ½ feet tall. The facade of Basilica of Bom Jesus is a visual delight flaunting a combination of Ionic, Doric and Corinthian styles in the columns. The ground floor has three portals, above them are three corresponding long windows and on the second floor are three circular windows. While the beautification is true Baroque style complete with curves and embellishments, the facade is adorned by pillars and carvings. But the layout is simplistic with a single nave inspired by Renaissance style. The top most part of the facade forming a quadrangle is carved in basalt to form a medallion illustrating the emblem of Society of Jesus.

Attached to the church is a modern art gallery, the Bom Jesus Church art gallery. It's the first and largest art gallery in Asia. A buttress wall on the northern side is a recent addition to the structure. Basilica also organizes a sound and light show based on the life of Christ, St. Francis Xavier and Blessed Joseph Vaz and the feast is held every year on December 3. The basilica is open from 6 am to 6:30 pm. everyday

Inside Basilica of Bom Jesus

Crucified in form, interiors of the Basilica are Mosaic Corinthian style, but the Renaissance inspired simplicity is remarkable. One of the richest churches in Goa, the floor of the church is made of grand marble and inlaid with precious stones. The roof of the church was originally tiled. There is a choir above the entrance supported by columns. These columns hold slabs which inform in Portuguese and Latin that 'the construction of this church of Jesus began on November 24, 1594 and Fr. Alexia de Menezes, the Archbishop of Goa and Primate of India consecrated it on 15 May 1605, when it was completed.' Also within the domicile are a main altar, a sacristy, a belfry at the back and two chapels, at the either ends of the transept. Running 182 4\5 feet long and 55 ½ feet broad, on each side are three rows of windows, one above the other. A projecting gallery in the second row supported by columns meant for dignitaries runs on the sides. At the end of the nave is main altar rich with gilded work in gold dedicated to infant Jesus. It has a statue of infant Jesus under the protection of St. Ignatius of Loyola, founder of the society of Jesus, his eyes on the medallion of Jesuits. Above the medallion are depicted the holy trinity- the Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost.

On the either side of the main altar in the transept are the other two altars dedicated to Our Lady of Hope and St. Michael. All the altars are rich with guild work and Baroque in style. In the north of the transept is the chapel of the blessed sacrament or the Mausoleum of St. Francis Xavier. This chapel where St. Francis Xavier lies in a silver casket is lavishly decorated with wooden carvings and paintings depicting scenes from the life of the saint. The tomb of St. Francis made of rich marble of different colours took ten years to complete. A present to the church from the last Medici, the duke of Tuscany, Cosimi III, this tomb was designed by famous Florentine sculptor Giovanni Batista Foggini. In the centre of the nave of the church is the cenotaph, embellished with bronze guild, of the benefactor of the church Dom Jeronimus Mascarenhas, Captain of Cochin and Ormuz. An extensively carved wooden pulpit with a canopy is projecting from the southern wall. The pulpit is carved on its three sides with images of Jesus, four evangelists and four doctors of the church.

The church also has a rich collection of paintings relating to the life of St. Francis Xavier. On the Southern wall of the church are displayed paintings (Italian school) depicting various instances from the life of St. Francis Xavier.

Inside the Basilica of Bom Jesus Art Gallery

This modern art gallery is one of the largest and one of its kind in Asia. The gallery houses paintings of Italian art. The gallery has 36 oil paintings made between 1973 and 1976. The artist was paid only for the material used, his creativity being a gratis for the church, thus was commissioned by Fr. George D'Sa. The largest two are 'The Last Judgement' (6ft x 9ft) and 'Genesis' (4ft x 28ft).

Se Cathedral

Se Cathedral Panaji- Goa

About Se. Cathedral

Largest church in Asia, Se Cathedral is dedicated to St. Catherine as it was on St. Catherine's day, November 25, that Alfonso de Albuquerque, Portuguese Naval General conquered Goa. Along came the first missionaries, the Dominicans sent by the Portuguese. The original church erected was that of mud, stones and straw. Subsequent modifications were made and a second church came up in 1515. Later the status of church was elevated to a cathedral and the structure demolished to make way for the subsequent building. Viceroy Dom Francisco Coutinho, Count of Redondo (1561-1564) was instructed by the Portuguese government to build "a grandiose church worthy of the wealth, power and fame of the Portuguese who dominated the seas from the Atlantic to the pacific". The church was designed by engineers Julio Simao and Ambrosio Arguero and it took almost three-fourth of a century (1562-1619) to complete. No church in Portugal today can beat Se Cathedral in terms of its size. This west facing church is made in shape of a cross. Construction of body of Cathedral was completed by 1619 and then the Blessed Sacrament was placed on the altar on the feast day of the Guardian Angel amidst great solemnities.

Portuguese Gothic in style, the exterior of the building is Tuscan while the interior is Corinthian. The 98 ft high facade was flanked by two Manueline style square towers on the northern and southern side. However, the northern tower collapsed in 1776. The remaining tower has a 'Golden bell' referred so because of its rich sound. Earlier, relics of St. Francis Xavier were shown to public here. The largest church in Asia also has the prestige of being the seat of Archdiocese of Goa. The church is one of the most sacred buildings for the Christians and has been declared a heritage site by UNESCO.

Located opposite the Basilica de Bom Jesus, Se Cathedral is open seven days week 7:30 am to 6:30 pm except during mass.

Inside Se Cathedral

As you enter through the main entrance, a pediment supported by Corinthian Columns on plinths stands. It contains an inscription in Latin. It says that the 'cathedral was ordered under the reign of King Dom Sebastiao in 1562, the Archbishops and the primates being administrators and that the succeeding kings continued the same at the cost of the Royal Treasury.' Inserted in the Corinthian columns are two marble basins for holy water. Beneath the choir is a large painting of St. Christopher.

The cathedral has fifteen altars and eight chapels. The grand altar being dedicated to St. Catherine of Alexandria. On either side of the altar stand images of St. Peter and St. Paul. Beautifying are engravings depicting Matyrdom of St. Catherine of Alexandria (307 A.D.). The altar has frames carved depicting scenes from the life of St. Catherine and a majestic crucifix. Close to the altar is placed the throne of Archbishop of Goa. In a gallery close to nave is placed an eighteenth century organ. To the right is a door leading to the barrel vault structured sacristy which has a model of St. Peter's church in Rome.

Inside the cathedral, which is 69 1/5 feet wide and 142 3/5 feet long, are placed four altars on each side. The inside of the Cathedral being divided into a nave (72 feet) and two aisles (57 ½ feet). On the right in the order of placing are the Chapels of St. Anthony, St. Bernard, Cruz Dos Milagres or the Miraculous Cross and The Holy Ghost. It is said that a vision of Christ had emerged on the Miraculous cross in 1919 and that the cross is growing in size. On the left side are the chapels dedicated to Nossa Senhora de Necessidades, St. Sebastian, the Blessed Sacrament and the last to Nossa Senhora de Boa Vida. Among these, Chapels of Blessed Sacrament and The Miraculous cross are noteworthy. They are adorned with some outstanding filigree work (delicate and intricate ornamental work made from gold, silver, or other fine twisted wire).

Further, in the interiors are placed six altars in the transverse part of the Cruciform of the church, three on either side of the main altar. To the right are those of St.Anna, Our Lady of Doloures and St.Peter and on left are those of Our Lady of Sorrows, Our lady of Three Necessities and Our Lady of Hope. The arches of four of these chapels are adorned with paintings depicting scenes from the life of saints.

The neighbouring convent is now an Archeological Museum for public viewing and behind the cathedral is the two storeyed Palace of Archbishop. However, this is not in use anymore.

Swiss Chapel

Swiss Chapel

Located quiet close to the Municipal Building on the Jerome Road, this chapel has a charming cream and blue coloured wooden altar and shrine. The Holy Cross feast is held in the beginning of Lent. This is just 9 days before the Goa Carnival begins.

The Church of Our Lady of Miracles

The Church of Our Lady of मिराक्लेस

This is also known by the name of St Jerome's Church. Located on St Jerome's road, the history of the church can be traced back to the year 1594. It was during this year that the church was first built. Thereafter, numerous reconstruction work have been carried out in the church. The last of such work was done in the year 1961, when a devastating fire caused immense harm to the church building. The church has some interesting architectural elements to grasp your attention like the gabled facade. However, the popularity of the church is more because of its feasts. There are two feasts organised in the church - the first one is dedicated to Our Lady of Miracles and is held on the third Sunday after easter. This feast is equally important for Hindus as well because the church, it is believed, stands on the spot where earlier a temple stood. The second feast is dedicated to St Jerome and is organised in the month of October.

Hanuman Theatre

Hanuman Theatre

This one is for the lovers of performing arts. The theatre, right across the Bodhgeshwar temple, is the place where local plays known as tiatra in Konkani is staged quiet often. Moreover, Marathi dramas and performances by theatrical and musical group from the rest of the country are also held here.

Bodhgeshwar Temple

Bodhgeshwar टेम्पले

If you are one of those who simply need a wish to be fulfilled, then do make a visit to the Bodhgeshwar Temple. The temple is dedicated to Lord Bodhgeshwar who sat below a banyan tree and solved the problems of the people who came in. Goans still have huge faith in the power of the god as such they flock in large numbers to seek the help of Lord Bodhgeshwar. For those who desperately need a wish to be fulfilled, a vow has to be taken. When their wish is granted, the devotees need to fulfil their commitment to the god.

A mela is organised every third week of January and attracts a number of devotees to the temple

Mapusa

Friday Market Mapusa- Goa

The name Mapusa is derived from the Konkani term, maap, which means measure and sa which means fill up. Mapusa is the third largest city in the state of Goa and has a history of its own. It is believed that much before the Portuguese, or even the Aryans, Marathas and Sultans set their feet on the land of Goa, Mapusa was a well developed gaunkari or community farming system. The system had the people of the villagers coming together to work on the community land. The ensuing profit was divided between the workers accordingly.

Mapusa is said to have developed by the grace of Lord Bodhgeshwar who has a temple dedicated to him. The increasing number of devotees visiting the temple gradually paved way for the market that sold essential material needed for puja.

For tourist visiting Mapusa, there is not much in the form of sightseeing. However, there are definitely few attractions that will wind you during your stay in the town.

Dudhsagar Falls

Dudhsagar फाल्स

Dudhsagar falls is perhaps Goa's most impressive waterfalls. It is situated on the eastern border of Karnataka and Goa

Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary

Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary

Bondla is the smallest of the Goan wildlife sanctuaries (8 sq km). It is 52 km from Panaji and 38 km from Margao.
A botanical garden, fenced deer park and a zoo constitute this sanctuary. Gaur and Sambar are part of the fauna found here.
Bookings for chalet accommodation should be made in advance at the office of the Department of Forestry in Panaji.

Ponda

Shantaduga Temple Ponda- Goa

Ponda can otherwise be termed as the `temple town` of Goa as it has a number of unique Hindu temples rebuilt on the original structures that were destroyed by the Portuguese.

Five of Goa`s most important Hindu temples are on the inland route between Panaji and Margao. The Shiva temple of Shri Manguesh is at Priol-Ponda Taluka, about 22 km from Panaji. This tiny 18th century hilltop temple, with its white tower, is a local landmark. Less than 2 km further down the road is Shri Mahalsa, a Vishnu temple.

About 5 km from Ponda are the Shri Ramnath and Shri Manguesh temples, and nearby is the Shri Shantadurga Temple. This temple sports an unusual, almost pagoda-like, structure with a roof made from long slabs of stone.
Further south are the temples of Shri Chandreshwar and Shri Mallikarjuna.

Japanese Garden

Japanese Garden

Still further ahead from the pilot point, at the zenith of the Mormugao ridge is the Japanese Garden. This garden houses the remnants of the Fortaleza Santa Catarina. The fort commanded immense significance during the erstwhile era, however today all it does is to offer a good view of the Zuari river. Other highlights of the garden are the Shri Durga Mata Shiv Mandir and a small beach. Walk on the soft sands of the beach and hear an interesting story related to the temple during your visit to the Japanese Garden.c

Mormugao Port

Mormugao Port

The port is a natural harbour and immensely important from commercial point of view. However, you can also pay a visit to the port because a number of cruise ship sail in every morning. These cruise ships take you round on a trip to Goa, passing through beaches, churches and temples. These trips are basically for few hours since the ship sail out of Goa in the evening.

Pilot Point

A little ahead of the Mormugao port, an open space uphill is wonderful if you wish to catch glimpses of the port actions.

The Naval Aviation Museum

The Naval Aviation Museum

This one is probably the only one of its kind in entire India and one amongst the few in the continent of Asia. With Bogmalo beach providing a wonderful backdrop, the museum exhibits the various type of aircraft and weapon system utilised by Indian naval air arm. A guide will accompany you on your visit and lead to the various sections of the museum. Simultaneously, this person will also provide information on various exhibits. While in the museum, make sure that you visit the armament room, the safety room and the archive hall. The first one of the three houses numerous bombs and torpedos while the second one displays complete pilot safety equipments. In this section you will also find photographs rare photographs of the liberation of Bangladesh in the year 1971. The last one, the archive hall, has a huge model of the ship, INS Virat along with photographs of Bagladesh liberation.

Other interesting exhibits of the museum include a Super Constellation and a Sea Hawk. The museum is open from 10 in the morning to 5 in the evening. A small entry charge of Rs 15 has to be paid.

Bogmalo Beach

Bogmalo Beach

This is just 8 km away to the south east of the town. The speciality of this beach lies in the fact that it provides a good combination of serenity and fun. The beach is not as crowded as its counterparts in Anjuna and Calangute, nonetheless, there is no dearth of adventure. Moreover, the natural beauty exuded by hills on three sides is simply magical. Right in the sea water is the Grande Island around which most of the diving sites are situated. You can take a splash in the sea water, or go for diving. Alternatively, you can just walk on the beach barefooted.

A little distance before you actually reach the Bogmalo beach is another beach. The Issoricim or Hollant beach, albeit its smaller size, can be a much better place if you really wish to spend a secluded time. And, if you feel like having a bit of adventure, you can undertake a trek to the Bogmalo beach.

Vasco da Gama

Mormugao Port, Vasco da Gama- Goa

29 km south west of Panjim, on the narrow western tip of the Marmogoa Peninsula is Vasco da Gama. Overlooking the Zuari river, it's a city that is named after the famous Portuguese sailor, Vasco da Gama. The history of the place states that the Portuguese got hold of it around 1543 and within a span of few years converted it into one of the most sought after ports of India. A fort was constructed at Sada so as to easen up the task of monitoring the movements of ships into the Zuari river. The fort played an important role during the year 1685 when the Maratha king Sambhaji marched in with his army to capture the place. The Portuguese, worried about the safety of their women and children, used the fort as a safe haven.

Around this time, plans were also made to shift the capital city from Old Goa. Vasco, or rather Marmugoa, was a strong contender for the post. The Viceroy of the time, D Fransico de Tavora was in favour of Vasco becoming the capital city of Goa. For this purpose, numerous construction work were carried out. Viceroy's Palace, offices and warehouse sprung up to take care of the needs of future. However, the plans came to an abrupt end when the court of Lisbon scrapped the plans of making Vasco as the capital of Goa. This was despite the fact that Vasco is the only city in entire Goa that is well connected by all means, both within and outside the state. It is the only city that has an air, rail, road and sea links.

Today, Vasco exudes all the charms of a metropolitan city. People from all over India have made Vasco da Gama their home. The town of Vasco is well planned. It is laid out straight with parallel roads connected to each other by smaller bylanes.

Being a commercial hub, Vasco is more liked by business class people. It provides good connectivity and also has a number of good hotels to stay in. However, if you come to Vasco thinking that there are a number worth visiting sites, then probably you'll end up a bit disappointed. This is not to say that there is absolutely nothing at all to see and do in Vasco, but perhaps they are few and numbered.