Golconda is a historical city in the Hyderabad district of Andhra Pradesh where the ancient monuments whispers the rich cultural heritage and traditions of the ancient rulers of the place. It is about 8 km. from Hyderabad in the west direction. History records that Golconda was the capital of the Qutub Shahi Sultans from 1512 to 1590, one of the five Muslim kingdoms of the Deccan known as the Deccan Sultanates. The Mughal emperor Aurangzeb captured the city in 1687.
Golconda was one of the five major diamond mine groups in ancient India. The mines include the Kollur Mines, the Partial Mines and the Muleli or Malavilly Mines, of which Kollur was the richest. The famous diamonds excavated from the mines in Golconda are Darya-e Nur, Nur-Ul-Ain Diamond, Koh-i-noor, The Hope Diamond and the Regent diamond.
It has many historical monuments and therefore the city is an ideal tourist destination. The most important one is the Golconda Fort, which lies on a hill. However, most of the splendid monuments built by the Qutub Shahi kings are in ruins. The Fort has a perfect acoustical system by which a handclap made at the main gates of the fort and the grand portico was heard at the top of the citadel. This citadel was situated on a 300-foot high granite hill and this is one of the major attractions in the fort. The other attraction in the city is the tombs of the Qutub Shahi sultans, which have intricately carved stonework and encircled by gardens.
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